The purpose of this article was to propose an analysis of the response to the European Union’s (EU’s) Eastern Partnership project with the main focus on how it has been received by the largest partner-country: Ukraine. The article draws on the experi- ence of the author in the European Parliament and is based on Ukrainian, Russian, and EU sources. The article analyses the key issues in EU-Ukraine relations in 2009–2010, in the context of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) and Eastern Partnership evolution, as well as the main challenges ahead