Subiect: In the given article with the use of the archive documents of the republican storehouses and also with the use of the local Soroca print-house the social political atmosphere of peasantry of Soroca County in 1944-1949 is thrown light upon - famine, forced food gathering, collectivization. The line of the Soviet government and Communist Party in the political and economical changes of the Moldavian village is clearly shown. Special attention is paid to the situation oh the Moldavian peasantry in the period of 40s during the transition from the private propriety to the collective form of work.